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Gramine is an indole alkaloid found in certain grass species. Results of previous studies have diverged as to whether this compound might cause resistance to aphids or not. In a breeding program aiming to introduce resistance to the cereal pest  Rhopalosiphum padi  L. in barley, a cultivar has been crossed with the progenitor of cultivated barley,  Hordeum vulgare  ssp.  spontaneum,  and an F 1 -derived population of doubled haploid (DH) lines was screened both for seedling gramine concentration and resistance to  R. padi . The resistance was measured as individual aphid growth in the laboratory. The present study aims to determine if there is a genetic relationship between aphid growth retardation and gramine concentration. To do so, the lines were genotyped with a 384 SNP oligonucleotide pool assay and QTL analyses were performed for both traits. A previously identified aphid resistance locus on the distal part of chromosome 2HS was thereby confirmed, with resistance inherited from  H. v.  ssp.  spontaneum , whereas one or more QTL for gramine concentration were potentially indicated on chromosome 3H, thus corroborating that the two traits are not linked genetically.

anthropod-plant interactions

Quantitative trait locus for resistance to the aphid Rhopalosiphum padi L. in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is not linked with a genomic region for gramine concentration