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The impact of extreme climate such as drought and flooding on agriculture,tourism, migration and peace in Nigeria is immense. There is the need to studythe trend and statistics for better planning, preparation and adaptation. Inthis study, the statistical and temporal variation of climatic indicesStandardized Precipitation Index (SPI ) and Standardized PrecipitationEvapotranspiration Index (SPEI) were computed for eighteen (18) stationscovering four climatic zones (Sahel, Midland, Guinea Savannah and Coastal) oftropical Nigeria. Precipitation, minimum and maximum temperature from 1980 -2010 obtained from the archives of the Nigerian Meteorological Services wereused to compute both the SPI and SPEI indices at 1-, 3- 6- and 12-monthtimescales. The temporal variation of drought indices showed that droughts weremore prominent at 6- and 12-months timescales. SPI and SPEI were found to bebetter correlated at longer timescales than short time scales. Predominantsmall, positive and significant trend across the region suggest an increasingtrend due to climate change.

Quantification of historical drought conditions over different climatic zones of Nigeria