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The use of oncolytic viruses as cancer treatment has received considerableattention in recent years, however the spatial dynamics of this viral infectionis still poorly understood. We present here a stochastic agent-based modeldescribing infected and uninfected cells for solid tumours, which interact withviruses in the absence of an immune response. Two kinds of movement, namelyundirected random and pressure-driven movements, are considered: the continuumlimit of the models is derived and a systematic comparison between the systemsof partial differential equations and the individual-based model, in one andtwo dimensions, is carried out.  In the case of undirected movement, a good agreement between agent-basedsimulations and the numerical and well-known analytical results for thecontinuum model is possible. For pressure-driven motion, instead, we observe awide parameter range in which the infection of the agents remains confined tothe center of the tumour, even though the continuum model shows traveling wavesof infection; outcomes appear to be more sensitive to stochasticity anduninfected regions appear harder to invade, giving rise to irregular,unpredictable growth patterns.  Our results show that the presence of spatial constraints in tumours'microenvironments limiting free expansion has a very significant impact onvirotherapy. Outcomes for these tumours suggest a notable increase invariability. All these aspects can have important effects when designingindividually tailored therapies where virotherapy is included.

Agent-based and continuum models for spatial dynamics of infection by oncolytic viruses