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Rapidity distributions of both E895 proton data at AGS energies and NA49 netproton data at SPS energies can be described reasonably well with a potentialversion of the UrQMD in which mean-field potentials for both pre-formed hadronsand confined baryons are considered, with the help of a traditional coalescenceafterburner in which one parameter set for both relative distance $R_0$ andrelative momentum $P_0$, (3.8 fm, 0.3 GeV$/$c), is used. Because of the largecancellation between the expansion in $R_0$ and the shrinkage in $P_0$ throughthe Lorentz transformation, the relativistic effect in clusters has littleeffect on the rapidity distribution of free (net) protons. Using aWoods-Saxon-like function instead of a pure logarithmic function as seen byFOPI collaboration at SIS energies, one can fit well both the data at SISenergies and the UrQMD calculation results at AGS and SPS energies. Further, itis found that for central Au+Au or Pb+Pb collisions at top SIS, SPS and RHICenergies, the proton fractions in clusters are about 33$\%$, 10$\%$, and0.7$\%$, respectively.

Rapidity distribution of protons from the potential version of UrQMD model and the traditional coalescence afterburner