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A methanol extract of everlasting flowers of  Helichrysum arenarium  L. Moench (Asteraceae) was found to inhibit the increase in blood glucose elevation in sucrose-loaded mice at 500 mg/kg p.o. The methanol extract also inhibited the enzymatic activity against dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV, IC 50  = 41.2 μg/ml), but did not show intestinal  α -glucosidase inhibitory activities. From the extract, three new dimeric dihydrochalcone glycosides, arenariumosides V–VII ( 2 – 4 ), were isolated, and the stereostructures were elucidated based on their spectroscopic properties and chemical evidence. Of the constituents, several flavonoid constituents, including  2 – 4 , were isolated, and these isolated constituents were investigated for their DPP-IV inhibitory effects. Among them, chalconaringenin 2′- O - β -D-glucopyranoside ( 16 , IC 50  = 23.1 μM) and aureusidin 6- O - β -D-glucopyranoside ( 35 , 24.3 μM) showed relatively strong inhibitory activities.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitory activity of dimeric dihydrochalcone glycosides from flowers of Helichrysum arenarium