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P2X(1) receptors, the major subtype of P2X receptors in the vascular smooth muscle, are essential for α,β-methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate (α,β-MeATP)-induced vasoconstriction. However, relative physiological significance of P2X(1) receptor-regulated vasoconstriction in the different types of arteries in the rat is not clear as compared with α(1)-adrenoceptor-regulated vasoconstriction. In the present study, we found that vasoconstrictive responses to noncumulative administration of α,β-MeATP in the rat isolated mesenteric arteries were significantly smaller than those to single concentration administration of α,β-MeATP. Therefore, we firstly reported the characteristic of α,β-MeATP-regulated vasoconstrictions in rat tail, internal carotid, pulmonary, mesenteric arteries, and aorta using single concentration administration of α,β-MeATP. The rank order of maximal vasoconstrictions for α,β-MeATP (E (max·α,β-MeATP)) was the same as that of maximal vasoconstrictions for noradrenaline (E (max·NA)) in the internal carotid, pulmonary, mesenteric arteries, and aorta. Moreover, the value of (E (max·α,β-MeATP)/E (max·KCl))/(E (max·NA)/E (max·KCl)) was 0.4 in each of the four arteries, but it was 0.8 in the tail artery. In conclusion, P2X(1) receptor-mediated vasoconstrictions are equally important in rat internal carotid, pulmonary, mesenteric arteries, and aorta, but much greater in the tail artery, suggesting its special role in physiological function.

Physiological significance of P2X receptor-mediated vasoconstriction in five different types of arteries in rats