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Efficient oxidation catalysts are important in many current industrial processes, including the selective oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde. Vanadium-containing catalysts have been shown to be effective selective oxidation catalysts for certain reactions, and research continues to examine their applicability to other reactions of interest. Several VO x /Fe 2 O 3 shell-core catalysts with varying VO x coverage have been produced to investigate the stability of VO x monolayers and their selectivity for methanol oxidation. Catalyst formation proceeds via a clear progression of distinct surface species produced during catalyst calcination. At 300 °C the selective VO x overlayer has formed; by 500 °C a sandwich layer of FeVO 4 arises between the VO x shell and the Fe 2 O 3 core, inhibiting iron cation participation in the catalysis and enhancing catalyst selectivity. The resulting catalysts, comprising a shell-subshell-core system of VO x /FeVO 4 /Fe 2 O 3 , possess good catalytic activity and selectivity to formaldehyde.

VOx/Fe2O3 Shell–Core Catalysts for the Selective Oxidation of Methanol to Formaldehyde