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We review our understanding of ionized plasma and neutral gas coupling in theweakly ionized, stratified, electromagnetically-permeated regions of the Sun'schromosphere and Earth's ionosphere/thermosphere. Using representative modelsfor each environment we derive fundamental descriptions of the coupling of theconstituent parts to each other and to the electric and magnetic fields, and weexamine the variation in magnetization of the ionized component. Using thesedescriptions we compare related phenomena in the two environments, and discusselectric currents, energy transfer and dissipation. We present a coupledtheoretical and numerical study of plasma instabilities in the two environmentsthat serves as an example of how the chromospheric and ionospheric communitiescan further collaborate. We also suggest future collaborative studies that willhelp improve our understanding of these two different atmospheres which sharemany similarities, but have large disparities in key quantities.

Ionized Plasma and Neutral Gas Coupling in the Sun's Chromosphere and Earth's Ionosphere/Thermosphere