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A method of synoptic map assimilation has been developed to study globalrearrangements of open magnetic flux and formation of polar coronal holes(PCHs) in the current cycle. The analysis reveals ensembles of coronal holes(ECHs) which appear within unipolar magnetic regions associated with decayingactivity complexes (ACs). The cause-effect relations between them explainasynchronous PCH formation observed at the northern and southern hemispheres ofthe Sun. Thus, the decay of large ACs, that were observed in 2014, led toformation of an extensive ECH, which then became the south PCH in mid-2015.Intricate structure of magnetic fields in the northern polar zone has impededthe north PCH formation, despite the fact that the dominant polarity at theNorth Pole reversed two years earlier than at the South Pole. The north PCHformed only by mid-2016 as the result of gradual merger of high-latitudinalECHs associated with several decaying ACs.

Rearrangements of Open Magnetic Flux and Formation of Polar Coronal Holes in Cycle 24