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The solar program of the Astronomical Observatory of Madrid started in 1876.For ten solar cycles, observations were made in this institution to determinesunspot numbers and areas. The program was completed in 1986. The resultingdata have been published in various Spanish scientific publications. Themetadata allowed four periods of this program (with different observers andinstruments) to be identified. In the present work, the published data wereretrieved and digitized. Their subsequent analysis showed that most of thesedata can be considered reliable given their very high correlation withinternational reference indices (International Sunspot Number, Group SunspotNumber, and Sunspot Area). An abrupt change emerged in the spots/groups ratioin 1946 which lasted until 1972.

Sunspot Numbers and Areas from the Madrid Astronomical Observatory (1876-1986)