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We study the influence of the large-scale interplanetary magnetic fieldconfiguration on the solar energetic particles (SEPs) as detected at differentsatellites near Earth and on the correlation of their peak intensities with theparent solar activity. We selected SEP events associated with X and M-classflares at western longitudes, in order to ensure good magnetic connection toEarth. These events were classified into two categories according to the globalinterplanetary magnetic field (IMF) configuration present during the SEPpropagation to 1AU: standard solar wind or interplanetary coronal massejections (ICMEs). Our analysis shows that around 20% of all particle eventsare detected when the spacecraft is immersed in an ICME. The correlation of thepeak particle intensity with the projected speed of the SEP-associated coronalmass ejection is similar in the two IMF categories of proton and electronevents, $\approx 0.6$. The SEP events within ICMEs show stronger correlationbetween the peak proton intensity and the soft X-ray flux of the associatedsolar flare, with correlation coefficient $r=\,$0.67$\pm$0.13, compared to theSEP events propagating in the standard solar wind, $r=\,$0.36$\pm$0.13. Thedifference is more pronounced for near-relativistic electrons. The main reasonfor the different correlation behavior seems to be the larger spread of theflare longitude in the SEP sample detected in the solar wind as compared to SEPevents within ICMEs. We discuss to which extent observational bias, differentphysical processes (particle injection, transport, etc.), and the IMFconfiguration can influence the relationship between SEPs and coronal activity.

solar physics

Solar Energetic Particle Events in the 23rd Solar Cycle: Interplanetary  Magnetic Field Configuration and Statistical Relationship with Flares and  CMEs