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A search for any particular feature in any single solar neutrino dataset isunlikely to establish variability of the solar neutrino flux since the countrates are very low. It helps to combine datasets, and in this article weexamine data from both the Homestake and GALLEX experiments. These showevidence of modulation with a frequency of 11.85 yr-1, which could beindicative of rotational modulation originating in the solar core. We find thatprecisely the same frequency is prominent in power spectrum analyses of theACRIM irradiance data for both the Homestake and GALLEX time intervals. Theseresults suggest that the solar core is inhomogeneous and rotates with siderealfrequency 12.85 yr-1. We find, by Monte Carlo calculations, that theprobability that the neutrino data would by chance match the irradiance data inthis way is only 2 parts in 10,000. This rotation rate is significantly lowerthan that of the inner radiative zone (13.97 yr-1) as recently inferred fromanalysis of Super-Kamiokande data, suggesting that there may be a second, innertachocline separating the core from the radiative zone. This opens up thepossibility that there may be an inner dynamo that could produce a stronginternal magnetic field and a second solar cycle.

solar physics

Combined analysis of solar neutrino and solar irradiance data: further  evidence for variability of the solar neutrino flux and its implications  concerning the solar core