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Background Bacterial blight (BB) caused by  Xanthomonas oryzae  Pv.  oryzae  ( Xoo ) is one of the most serious diseases of rice worldwide.  Oryza officinalis  Wall ex Watt, harboring abundant genetic diversity and disease resistance features, are important resources of exploring resistance genes with broad-spectrum resistance to BB. However, the molecular mechanisms and genes of BB resistance in  O. officinalis  have been rarely explored. Results Here, the BB resistance of four different origin  O. officinalis  populations in Yunnan were identified by seven representative hypervirulent  Xoo  races, which exhibited different BB resistance among four populations, in which the BB resistance of the Gengma_Lincang population was the strongest. In addition, the pathogenetic ability of seven  Xoo  races to  O. officinalis  was different in that the pathogenicity of PXO99 was stronger than that of C5. There were no remarkable differences in leaf microstructures among four  O. officinalis  populations, revealing the differences in resistance of four  O. officinalis  to BB are caused by the endogenous resistance genes. Furthermore, our results proved that there were no nine cloned BB resistance genes in four populations but possessed dominant  Xa5 , dominant  Xa13 , and recessive  xa3/xa26  homologous alleles of  xa5 ,  xa13 , and  Xa3 / Xa26  resistance genes. These three homologous genes were isolated and cloned from four populations and named  OoXa5 ,  OoXa13 , and  Ooxa3 / xa26 . The expression profile revealed that the expression levels of  OoXa13  and  Ooxa3/xa26  were significantly down-regulated under PXO99 and C5 stress, especially in the Gengma_Lincang population, suggesting the  O. officinalis  might enhance BB resistance by down-regulating the expression level of  OoXa13  and  Ooxa3 / xa26 . Conclusion The BB resistance genes of  O. officinalis  had its own characteristics by expression pattern and BLAST analysis of  OoXa5 ,  OoXa13 , and  Ooxa3 / xa26 , which indicated that there might be new genes or molecular mechanism of BB resistance in  O. officinalis.  Our studies provided a solid foundation and reference for revealing the molecular mechanism of BB resistance in  O. officinalis .

plant molecular biology reporter

Identification and Expression Pattern Analysis of Bacterial Blight Resistance Genes in Oryza officinalis Wall ex Watt Under Xanthomonas oryzae Pv. oryzae Stress