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Editorial: The proliferation of new applications, e.g., mobile TV, Internet gaming, large file transfer, and the development of user terminals, e.g., smart phones and notebooks, has dramatically increased user traffic and network load. Moreover, with the number of wireless subscribers expected to triple over the next 5 years, it is obvious that current networks will not be able to satisfy customer demands in the near future. In order to meet this traffic growth and provide service to their users, vendors and operators are working on the development of new technologies and cellular standards. Within them, heterogeneity in network deployment has been heralded as the most promising way of increasing both coverage and capacity of future wireless systems. Thus, it is expected that new elements such as remote radio heads, picocells, femtocells, and relay nodes will be deployed overlying macrocells. In this way, networks will be closer to users, and system capacity will be enhanced through a better spatial spectrum reuse. However, although heterogeneous networks are envisioned to support the increasing data traffic demand and meet the requirements imposed for the fourth generation of mobile networks, they also lead to new technical challenges never faced before. For example, due to the larger number of cells and thus of cell boundaries, the management of interference becomes an intricate problem. Since centralized network planning and optimization cannot deal with the individualistic nature of user-deployed cells, e.g., femtocells, a key to the success of heterogeneous networks is the cooperation between nodes in a decentralized and distributed manner. Such cooperation is the only way to ensure a proper network operation. However, cooperation is not easy to achieve due to different issues and threats imposed by the network itself, e.g., limited back-haul capabilities, dynamics of traffic and radio channel, energy consumption, operational costs, etc. This special issue features six selected papers with high quality:

ACM Springer Mobile Networks and Applications (MONET) Journal Special Issue on Cooperatively Networked Femtocells