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The development of complex functional materials poses a multi-objectiveoptimization problem in a large multidimensional parameter space. Solving itrequires reproducible, user independent laboratory work and intelligentpreselection of experiments. However, experimental materials science is a fieldwhere manual routines are still predominant, although other domains likepharmacy or chemistry have long used robotics and automation. As the number ofpublications on Materials Acceleration Platforms (MAPs) increases steadily, wereview selected systems and fit them into the stages of a general materialdevelopment process to examine the evolution of MAPs. Subsequently we presentour approach to laboratory automation in materials science. We introduce AMANDA(Autonomous Materials and Device Application Platform), a generic platform fordistributed materials research comprising a self-developed software backboneand several MAPs. One of them, LineOne (L1), is specifically designed toproduce and characterize solution processed thin-film devices like organicsolar cells (OSC). It is designed to perform precise closed-loop screenings ofup to 272 device variations per day yet allows further upscaling. Eachindividual solar cell is fully characterized and all process steps arecomprehensively documented. We want to demonstrate the capabilities of AMANDAL1 with OSCs based on PM6:Y6 with 13.7% efficiency when processed in air.Further we discuss challenges and opportunities of highly automated researchplatforms and elaborate on the future integration of additional techniques,methods and algorithms in order to advance to fully autonomous self-optimizingsystems - a paradigm shift in functional materials development leading to thelaboratory of the future.

The Evolution of Materials Acceleration Platforms -- Towards the Laboratory of the Future with AMANDA