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Phytases, which belong to a special category of orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolases, degrade inositol hexaphosphate to produce lower-grade inositol phosphate derivatives and inorganic phosphate. Thus, phytases may improve phosphorus utilization, eliminate the anti-nutrient properties of phytic acid, and mitigate environmental pollution due to phosphorus contamination. In this study, we constructed a new root-specific expression vector by inserting the  Aspergillus ficuum  phytase gene  PhyA2  into pCAMBIA3301-ZmGLU1P-Nos. The subsequent molecular analysis confirmed that six T 4  generation transgenic plants carried and expressed  PhyA2 . A quantitative real-time PCR analysis indicated  PhyA2  was highly expressed in the transgenic roots. Additionally, the phytase activity was 10.9-fold higher in the transgenic roots (peak activity of 5.432 U/g) than in the control roots. Moreover, compared with the control rhizosphere, the organic phosphorus content in the rhizosphere of the transgenic plants decreased significantly (by up to 5.21 mg/kg). An agronomic trait analysis indicated that  PhyA2  expression can increase maize seed weight by up to 25.8 g. Therefore, the integration of  PhyA2  into the maize genome can enhance the ability of maize plants to use the phosphorus compounds in soil, while also improving the plant growth status and increasing the seed yield.

Construction of a new plant expression vector and the development of maize germplasm expressing the Aspergillus ficuum phytase gene PhyA2