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Position measurement-induced collapse states are shown to provide a unifiedquantum description of diffraction of particles passing through a single slit.These states, which we here call `quantum location states', are represented bythe conventional rectangular wave function at the initial moment of positionmeasurement. We expand this state in terms of the position eigenstates, whichin turn can be represented as a linear combination of energy eigenfunctions ofthe problem, using the closure property. The time-evolution of the locationstates in the case of free particles is shown to have position probabilitydensity patterns closely resembling diffraction patterns in the Fresnel regionfor small times and the same in Fraunhofer region for large times. Using thequantum trajectory representations in the de Broglie-Bohm, modified deBroglie-Bohm and Floyd-Faraggi-Matone formalisms, we show that Fresnel andFraunhofer diffractions can be described using a single expression. We alsodiscuss how to obtain the probability density of location states for the caseof particles moving in a general potential, detected at some arbitrary point.In the case of the harmonic oscillator potential, we find that they haveoscillatory properties similar to that of coherent states.

Position Measurement-Induced Collapse: A Unified Quantum Description of Fraunhofer and Fresnel Diffractions