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The eye grows during childhood to position the retina at the correct distancebehind the lens to enable focused vision, a process called emmetropization.Animal studies have demonstrated that this growth process is dependent uponvisual stimuli, while genetic and environmental factors that affect thelikelihood of developing myopia have also been identified. The coupling betweengrowth, remodeling and elastic response in the eye is particularly challengingto understand. To analyse this coupling, we develop a simple model of an eyegrowing under intraocular pressure in response to visual stimuli. Distinct toexisting three-dimensional finite-element models of the eye, we treat thesclera as a thin axisymmetric hyperelastic shell which undergoes local growthin response to external stimulus. This simplified analytic model provides atractable framework in which to evaluate various emmetropization hypotheses andunderstand different types of growth feedback, which we exemplify bydemonstrating that local growth laws are sufficient to tune the global size andshape of the eye for focused vision across a range of parameter values.

A shell model of eye growth and elasticity