English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

European Union Council Directive 2013/51/EURATOM recently sets out so-called indicator parameters for: radon, tritium and indicative dose of water intended for human consumption. The aim of this research was to elaborate an effective procedure for determination of radon and radium  226,228 Ra isotopes (which are potentially the main contributors to the internal dose from drinking and cooking water) and to find the possible relationships between these radionuclides in underground water reservoirs and  222 Rn concentration in the soil gas in their vicinity. The research was performed by applying a non-volatile and water-immiscible scintillation cocktail based on a pure diisopropylnaphthalene (Ultima Gold F: UGF), which allow for efficient radon extraction from 0.5 dm 3  of water samples to 20 cm 3  of scintillation phase and its direct determination with a detection limit of 5 × 10 –3  Bq dm −3 . The further preliminary concentration of 3 dm 3  of crude water samples by evaporation to 0.5 dm 3  samples led to the removal of all unsupported  222 Rn activity and allowed the  226 Ra determination via equivalent  222 Rn detection after one-month samples storage using a low-background Triathler liquid scintillation counter in the α/β separation counting mode. Together with determination of  226 Ra isotope in water samples, the simultaneous measurements of  228 Ra and  222 Rn radionuclides concentrations in water as well as  222 Rn activity in the soil gas around the water supply sites were performed. The achieved limit of  226 Ra detection was at a very low level of 10 –3  Bq dm −3 . The measured values of  226 Ra concentration in 50 public underground water supply units for the Kalisz district of Poland were relatively low and ranged from below detection limit to 28.5 × 10 –3  Bq dm −3  with arithmetic mean and median values of 12.9 and 12.2 × 10 –3  Bq dm −3 , respectively. Weak correlations were observed between activity concentrations of  226 Ra and  222 Rn in the crude water samples ( R   2   = 0.31) and  222 Rn in water and its concentration in the nearby soil gas ( R   2   = 0.48).

environmental geochemistry and health

Occurrence of 222Rn and 226,228Ra in underground water and 222Rn in soil and their mutual correlations for underground water supplies in southern Greater Poland