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In this study, a novel, non-toxic, eco-friendly zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) was used instead of the synthetic fungicides widely used to control the destructive phytopathogenic fungus  Fusarium oxysporum , the causative agent of wilt disease in  Solanum melongena  L. Herein, the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs was carried out by  Penicillium expansum  ATCC 7861. In vitro, mycosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibited antifungal activity against  Fusarium oxysporum . In vivo, ZnO-NPs suppressed  Fusarium  wilt disease in cultivated  Solanum melongena  L. by decreasing the disease severity with 75% of plant protection. Moreover, ZnO-NPs stimulated the recovery of eggplant as an indicated by improving of morphological and metabolic indicators including plant height(152.5%), root length(106.6%), plant fresh biomass (146%), chlorophyll a (102.8%), chlorophyll b (67.86%), total soluble carbohydrates (48.5%), total soluble protein (81.8%), phenol (10.5%), antioxidant activity and isozymes compared with infected control .  Therefore, this study suggests using mycosynthesized ZnO-NPs as an alternative to synthetic fungicides not only to eradicate the  Fusarium  wilt disease in cultivated eggplant ( Solanum melongena ) but also to promote the growth parameters and metabolic aspects.

Potential of biosynthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles to control Fusarium wilt disease in eggplant (Solanum melongena) and promote plant growth