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Extensive observations of comet C/2004 Q2 (Machholz) were carried out betweenAugust 2004 and May 2005. The images obtained were used to investigate thecomet's inner coma features at resolutions between 350 and 1500 km/pixel. Aphotometric analysis of the dust outflowing from the comet's nucleus and thestudy of the motion of the morphological structures in the inner coma indicatedthat the rotation period of the nucleus was most likely around 0.74 days. Athorough investigation of the inner coma morphology allowed us to observe twomain active sources on the comet's nucleus, at a latitude of +85{\deg} \pm5{\deg} and +45{\deg} \pm 5{\deg}, respectively. Further sources have beenobserved, but their activity ran out quite rapidly over time; the most relevantwas at latcom. = 25{\deg} \pm 5{\deg}. Graphic simulations of the geometricalconditions of observation of the inner coma were compared with the images andused to determine a pole orientation at RA=95{\deg} \pm 5{\deg}, Dec=+35{\deg}\pm 5{\deg}. The comet's spin axis was lying nearly on the plane of the skyduring the first decade of December 2004.

Comet Machholz (C/2004 Q2): morphological structures in the inner coma and rotation parameters