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Professor Emeritus Anthony J. (Tony) McMichael, MBBS, PhD, who passed away on September 26, 2014 was a hugely influential pioneer of global environmental health and a giant in the field of environmental epidemiology. He could be regarded along with other legendary names like Rene Dubos and Rachel Carson, who during their lives, challenged conventional assumptions and majorly advanced our understanding of the links between our environment and our health in the twentieth century; Tony Michael’s discoveries and teachings are foundational for the global challenges facing us today in the twenty-first century. McMichael’s exemplary and impactful career includes some of the most important advancements to date in the field of environmental and occupational health. For example, McMichael was the epidemiologist and co-author for the 15-year prospective study on children’s IQ and lead exposure: the Port Pirie study. Tony therefore was among the first health scientists to provide robust quantitative evidence of the link between lead and brain function. Tony McMichael’s next major discovery applied to occupational health. Hazardous exposures in the workplace were common in our industrializing era, with subsequent morbidity and mortality among workers. Eventually, guidelines were made establishing ‘‘safe’’ levels of exposures to workers. But why did workers continue to get sick? It was Professor McMichael who first described ‘‘The Healthy Worker Effect’’—whereby very sick individuals who were no longer in the workforce were left out of risk calculations. This discovery led to lowering the exposure thresholds across numerous occupational settings. I first met Tony at the World Health Organization in 1993. At that time, WHO had just been approached by the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to contribute a health chapter for their 2nd Assessment Report—the subject of health was missing in IPCC’s first report. Naturally, it was Professor Tony McMichael who was invited to serve as ‘‘Convening Lead Author, a role for which he graciously undertook across many IPCC Assessment Reports. He also served as the lead on many other high-level international initiatives addressing global environmental health challenges. McMichael produced over 300 peer-reviewed papers and three major books, including his 1993 book Planetary Published online: November 19, 2014

Tony McMichael: A Giant in the Field of Global Environmental Health