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The human aorta is a high-risk area for vascular diseases, which are commonlyrestored by thoracic endovascular aortic repair. In this paper, we report apromising shear-activated targeted nanoparticle drug delivery strategy toassist in the treatment of coarctation of the aorta and aortic aneurysm.Idealized three-dimensional geometric models of coarctation of the aorta andaortic aneurysm are designed, respectively. The unique hemodynamic environmentof the diseased aorta is used to improve nanoparticle drug delivery.Micro-carriers with nanoparticle drugs would be targeting activated to releasenanoparticle drugs by local abnormal shear stress rate (SSR). Coarctation ofthe aorta provides a high SSR hemodynamic environment, while the aorticaneurysm is exposed to low SSR. We propose a method to calculate the SSRthresholds for the diseased aorta. Results show that the upstream near-wallarea of the diseased location is an ideal injection location for themicro-carriers, which could be activated by the abnormal SSR. Releasednanoparticle drugs would be successfully targeted delivered to the aorticdiseased wall. Besides, the high diffusivity of the micro-carriers andnanoparticle drugs has a significant impact on the surface drug concentrationsof the diseased aortic walls, especially for aortic aneurysms. This studypreliminary demonstrates the feasibility of shear-activated targetednanoparticle drug delivery in the treatment of aortic diseases and provides atheoretical basis for developing the drug delivery system and novel therapy.

Mathematical modeling of shear-activated targeted nanoparticle drug delivery for the treatment of aortic diseases