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Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of fat infiltration, tear size, and post-operative tendon integrity, on post-operative contractility. Methods Thirty-five patients who underwent rotator cuff repair were included. The fat infiltration, tear size, and post-operative tendon integrity were evaluated by Goutallier stage, Cofield classification, and Sugaya classification, respectively. The muscle elasticity at rest and at contraction was assessed by real-time tissue elastography pre- and one-year post-operatively. We defined the difference in elasticity between at rest and at contraction as the activity value which reflects muscle contractility. Results The activity value in patients with Sugaya  Type I  tended to increase regardless of Cofield classification, whereas those with Sugaya  Type III  and  IV  tended to decrease. While the activity value in the patients classified as stage 1 and  Type I  tended to increase, patients classified as stage 2 showed decreased or constant in contractility even in those subjects classified as  Type I . Stepwise multiple regression analysis showed both pre- ( p  = 0.004,  r  = -0.47) and post-operative activity values ( p  = 0.022,  r  = -0.39) to be significantly correlated only with the Goutallier stage. Conclusion Multiple regression analysis indicated only the Goutallier stage was a significant independent factor for contractility of the supraspinatus muscle. Supraspinatus muscle contractility in patients classified as  Types III  and  IV  based on the Sugaya classification tended to decrease post-operatively, while patients whose contractility increased post-operatively were characterized by having a  Type I  tendon integrity.

Influence of fat infiltration, tear size, and post-operative tendon integrity on muscle contractility of repaired supraspinatus muscle