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It is becoming increasingly clear that\udelectron thermal effects have to be taken into account when dealing with the\udtheory of ionospheric instabilities in the high-latitude ionosphere.\udUnfortunately, the mathematical complexity often hides the physical processes at\udwork. We follow the limiting cases of a complex but systematic generalized fluid\udapproach to get to the heart of the thermal processes that affect the stability\udof E region waves during electron heating events. We try to show as\udsimply as possible under what conditions thermal effects contribute to the\uddestabilization of strongly field-aligned (zero aspect angle) Farley-Buneman\udmodes. We show that destabilization can arise from a combination of (1) a\udreduction in pressure gradients associated with temperature fluctuations that\udare out of phase with density fluctuations, and (2) thermal diffusion, which\udtakes the electrons from regions of enhanced temperatures to regions of negative\udtemperature fluctuations, and therefore enhanced densities. However, we also\udshow that, contrary to what has been suggested in the past, for modes excited\udalong the E0×B direction thermal feedback decreases\udthe growth rate and raises the threshold speed of the Farley-Buneman\udinstability. The increase in threshold speed appears to be important enough to\udexplain the generation of `Type IV' waves in the high-latitude ionosphere. Key words: Ionosphere (auroral ionosphere; iono-\udspheric irregularities; plasma waves and instabilities

The role played by thermal feedback in heated Farley-Buneman waves at high latitudes