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Early auroral observations recorded in\udvarious oriental histories are examined in order to search for examples of\udstrictly simultaneous and indisputably independent observations of the aurora\udborealis from spatially separated sites in East Asia. In the period up to ad\ud1700, only five examples have been found of two or more oriental auroral\udobservations from separate sites on the same night. These occurred during the\udnights of ad 1101 January 31, ad 1138 October 6, ad 1363 July 30, ad 1582 March\ud8 and ad 1653 March 2. The independent historical evidence describing\udobservations of mid-latitude auroral displays at more than one site in East Asia\udon the same night provides virtually incontrovertible proof that auroral\uddisplays actually occurred on these five special occasions. This conclusion is\udcorroborated by the good level of agreement between the detailed auroral\uddescriptions recorded in the different oriental histories, which furnish\udessentially compatible information on both the colour (or colours) of each\udauroral display and its approximate position in the sky. In addition, the\udoccurrence of auroral displays in Europe within two days of auroral displays in\udEast Asia, on two (possibly three) out of these five special occasions, suggests\udthat a substantial number of the mid-latitude auroral displays recorded in the\udoriental histories are associated with intense geomagnetic storms.  <b>Key words.</b> Magnetospheric physics (auroral phenomena;\udstorms and substorms

Simultaneous auroral observations described in the historical records of China, Japan and Korea from ancient times to AD 1700