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Labeled nitrogen ( 15  N) was applied to a soil-based substrate in order to study the uptake of N by  Glomus intraradices  extraradical mycelium (ERM) from different mineral N (NO3 − vs. NH4 + ) sources and the subsequent transfer to cowpea plants. Fungal compartments (FCs) were placed within the plant growth substrate to simulate soil patches containing root-inaccessible, but mycorrhiza-accessible, N. The fungus was able to take up both N-forms, NO3 − and NH4 + . However, the amount of N transferred from the FC to the plant was higher when NO3 − was applied to the FC. In contrast, analysis of ERM harvested from the FC showed a higher  15  N enrichment when the FC was supplied with  15 NH4 + compared with  15 NO3 − . The  15  N shoot/root ratio of plants supplied with  15 NO3 − was much higher than that of plants supplied with  15 NH4 + , indicative of a faster transfer of  15 NO3 − from the root to the shoot and a higher accumulation of  15 NH4 + in the root and/or intraradical mycelium. It is concluded that hyphae of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus may absorb NH4 + preferentially over NO3 − but that export of N from the hyphae to the root and shoot may be greater following NO3 − uptake. The need for NH4 + to be assimilated into organically bound N prior to transport into the plant is discussed.

mycorrhiza

Influence of different mineral nitrogen sources (NO−3-N vs. NH+4-N) on arbuscular mycorrhiza development and N transfer in a Glomus intraradices–cowpea symbiosis