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A time-resolved experimental study on the kinetics and relaxation of thestructural formation process in gelling Agar-water solutions was carried outusing our custom-built torsion resonator. The study was based on measurementsof three naturally cooled solutions with agar concentrations of 0.75%, 1.0% and2.0% w/w. It was found that the natural-cooling agar gelation process could bedivided into three stages, sol stage (Stage I), gelation zone (Stage II) andgel stage (Stage III), based on the time/temperature evolutions of thestructural development rate (SDR). An interesting fluctuant decaying behaviorof SDR was observed in Stage II and III, indicative of a sum of multiplerelaxation processes and well described by a multiple-order Gaussisn-likeequation: . More interestingly, the temperature dependences of the fittedvalues of Wn in Stage II and Stage III were found to follow the differentArrhenius laws, with different activation energies of EaII= 39-74 KJ/mol andEaIII~7.0 KJ/mol. The two different Arrhenius-like behaviors respectivelysuggest that dispersions in Stage II be attributed to the relaxation of theself-assembly of agar molecules or the growth of junction zones en route togelation, in which the formation or fission of hydrogen bonding interactionsplays an important role; and that dispersions in Stage III be attributed to therelaxation dynamics of water released from various size domains close to thedomain of the viscous flow of water during the syneresis process.

New insight into kinetics behavor of the structural formation process in Agar gelation