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The  key  role  of  the  South  Atlantic  Anticyclone (SAA)  on  the  seasonal  cycle  of  the  tropical  Atlantic  is  investigated  with  a  regionally  coupled  atmosphere–ocean  model  for  two  different  coupled  domains.  Both  domains  include  the  equatorial  Atlantic  and  a  large  portion  of  the  northern  tropical  Atlantic,  but  one  extends  southward,  and  the other northwestward. The SAA is simulated as internal model variability in the former, and is prescribed as external  forcing  in  the  latter.  In  the  first  case,  the  model  shows significant  warm  biases  in  sea  surface  temperature  (SST) in  the  Angola-Benguela  front  zone.  If  the  SAA  is  externally prescribed, these biases are substantially reduced. The biases are both of oceanic and atmospheric origin, and are influenced  by  ocean–atmosphere  interactions  in  coupled runs. The strong SST austral summer biases are associated with  a  weaker  SAA,  which  weakens  the  winds  over  the southeastern tropical Atlantic, deepens the thermocline and prevents  the  local  coastal  upwelling  of  colder  water.  The  biases in the basins interior in this season could be related to  the  advection  and  eddy  transport  of  the  coastal  warm  anomalies.  In  winter,  the  deeper  thermocline  and  atmospheric  fluxes  are  probably  the  main  biases  sources.  Biases in  incoming  solar  radiation  and  thus  cloudiness  seem  to  be  a  secondary  effect  only  observed  in  austral  winter.  We  conclude  that  the  external  prescription  of  the  SAA  south  \udof 20°S improves the simulation of the seasonal cycle over the tropical Atlantic, revealing the fundamental role of this anticyclone in shaping the climate over this region

The South Atlantic Anticyclone as a key player for the representation of the tropical Atlantic climate in coupled climate models