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1) Nymphs of the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans (Heteroptera: Reduviidae) are attracted to volatiles from their own faeces on a servosphere. 2) Biological substrates attractive to triatomines release NH3: wetted triatomine faecal papers release NH3 at 256 ppb NH3 from a 60-g source and stale rabbit urine at 394 ppb from 200 ml. Ammonia released from aqueous NH3 also attracts bugs at doses of 3 ppb and 17 ppb on the servosphere. 3) Bugs typically show negative anemotaxis in a stimulus-free air-stream on the servosphere. At onset of stimulation with ammonia from either biological substrates or aqueous NH3 the bugs stop, move their antennae, turn and walk upwind, i.e. odour-mediated anemotaxis. 4) At lower NH3 doses a latency in attraction is recorded, but this latency disappears when the relative humidity of the stimulus delivery air-stream is dropped from 90 to 35%. 5) Electrophysiological recordings from single olfactory sensilla on antennae of Triatoma nymphs reveal two different types of NH3-excited receptors, both within grooved-peg sensilla. The responses of one of these receptor cells to NH3 has been studied in detail and shows that the action potential discharge rate is dose-dependent over the range 2–200 ppb. 6) The amplitudes of electroantennograms recorded from Triatoma nymphs to NH3 are dose dependent over the range 5–550 ppb.

Ammonia attracts the haematophagous bug Triatoma infestans : behavioural and neurophysiological data on nymphs