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This series of papers is intended to evaluate astrocladisti cs in reconstructing phylogenies of galaxies. The objective of this second paper is to formalize the concept of galaxy formation and to identify the processes of diversification. We s how that galaxy diversity can be expected to organize itself in a hierarchy. In order to better understand the role of mergers , we have selected a sample of 43 galaxies from the GALICS database built from simulations with a hybrid model for galaxy formation studies. These simulated galaxies, described by 119 characters and considered as representing still undefined classes , have experienced different numbers of merger events during evolution. Our cladistic analysis yields a robust tree that proves the existence of a hierarchy. Mergers, like interactions (not t aken into account in the GALICS simulations), are probably a strong driver for galaxy diversification. Our result shows that mer gers participate in a branching type of evolution, but do not seem to play the role of an evolutionary clock.

Astrocladistics: A Phylogenetic Analysis of Galaxy Evolution II. Formation and Diversification of Galaxies