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The role of rangelands in the regulation of atmospheric CO 2 concentrations is a critical issue in global climate change research. Rangelands are complex ecosystems that occupy about 50% of the land area in the world and USA. We studied the effects of seasonal grazing on CO 2 flux on small plots located on a silty range site in the northern mixed-grass prairie with an Eapa fine loam soil. Treatments were no grazing or short-duration intensive grazing during mid-May or mid-July in 1996, 1997, and 1998. Data were collected from mid-April to mid-October at about 30-day intervals to estimate standing crop, leaf area, soil organic C, root mass to a 30-cm soil depth, and diurnal variation of CO 2 flux and soil respiration (at 08:00, 12:00, 16:00, and 24:00 hr) in closed chambers. Uptake of CO 2 was greatest during spring and early summer, peak periods of precipitation and green biomass. Grazing removed an average of about 70% of the green standing crop with a subsequent reduction in CO 2 uptake of 175% in May and 109% in July. Grazing in May reduced CO 2 uptake for 30 days in two of the three years, whereas, grazing in July reduced CO 2 flux only in 1998. Residual effects of grazing, however, declined in late summer and autumn with the onset of plant maturation. The potential C sink in the mixed-grass prairie of the Northern Great Plains appears to be small and will vary through time with intensity and timing of grazing as it interacts with climatic conditions.

Grazing Effects on Carbon Dynamics in the Northern Mixed-Grass Prairie