English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The purpose of this study was to determine if pretreatment of porcine kidneys with low-energy shock waves (SWs) prior to delivery of a clinical dose of 2,000 SWs reduces or prevents shock wave lithotripsy (SWL)-induced acute oxidative stress and inflammation in the treated kidney. Pigs (7-8 weeks old) received 2,000 SWs at 24 kV (120 SW/min) with or without pretreatment with 100 SWs at 12 kV/2 Hz to the lower pole calyx of one kidney using the HM3. Four hours post-treatment, selected samples of renal tissue were frozen for analysis of cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and stress response protein, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Urine samples were taken before and after treatment for analysis of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Treatment with 2,000 SWs with or without pretreatment caused a statistically significant elevation of HO-1 and IL-6 in the renal medulla localized to the focal zone of the lithotripter. However, the increase in HO-1 and IL-6 was significantly reduced using the pretreatment protocol compared to no pretreatment. Urinary excretion of TNF-α increased significantly (p &lt; 0.05) from baseline for pigs receiving 2,000 SWs alone; however, this effect was completely abolished with the pretreatment protocol. We conclude that pretreatment of the kidney with a low dose of low-energy SWs prior to delivery of a clinical dose of SWs reduces, but does not completely prevent, SWL-induced acute renal oxidative stress and inflammation.

Pretreatment with low-energy shock waves reduces the renal oxidative stress and inflammation caused by high-energy shock wave lithotripsy