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The virial theorem is considered for a system of randomly moving particlesthat are tightly bound to each other by the gravitational and electromagneticfields, acceleration field and pressure field. The kinetic energy of theparticles of this system is estimated by three methods, and the ratio of thekinetic energy to the absolute value of the energy of forces, binding theparticles, is determined, which is approximately equal to 0.6 . For simplesystems in classical mechanics, this ratio equals 0.5 . The difference betweenthese ratios arises by the consideration of the pressure field and accelerationfield inside the bodies, which make additional contribution to the accelerationof the particles. It is found that the total time derivative of the system'svirial is not equal to zero, as is assumed in classical mechanics for systemswith potential fields. This is due to the fact that although the partial timederivative of the virial for stationary systems tends to zero, but in realbodies the virial also depends on the coordinates and the convective derivativeof the virial, as part of the total time derivative inside the body, is notequal to zero. It is shown that the convective derivative is also necessary forcorrect description of the equations of motion of particles.

The virial theorem and the kinetic energy of particles of a macroscopic system in the general field concept