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Starforming factories in galaxies produce compact clusters and looseassociations of young massive stars. Fast radiation-driven winds and supernovaeinput their huge kinetic power into the interstellar medium in the form ofhighly supersonic and superalfvenic outflows. Apart from gas heating,collisionless relaxation of fast plasma outflows results in fluctuatingmagnetic fields and energetic particles. The energetic particles comprise along-lived component which may contain a sizeable fraction of the kineticenergy released by the winds and supernova ejecta and thus modify themagnetohydrodynamic flows in the systems. We present a concise review ofobservational data and models of nonthermal emission from starburst galaxies,superbubbles, and compact clusters of massive stars. Efficient mechanisms ofparticle acceleration and amplification of fluctuating magnetic fields with awide dynamical range in starburst regions are discussed. Sources of cosmicrays, neutrinos and multi-wavelength nonthermal emission associated withstarburst regions including potential galactic "PeVatrons" are reviewed in theglobal galactic ecology context.

Nonthermal particles and photons in starburst regions and superbubbles