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Polyrhachis lamellidens  is a temporary socially parasitic ant whose new queen utilizes other ant species in the early stages of colony foundation. Field observations and rearing experiments suggest that  Camponotus japonicus  is a host species of  P. lamellidens . It is presumed that  Camponotus obscuripes  is also a host of  P. lamellidens  by rearing experiments and field observations; however, there are no records of  P. lamellidens  workers or brood coexisting in  C. obscuripes  colonies in field observations, and there is no clear evidence that  C. obscuripes  is a natural host of  P. lamellidens . We conducted detailed field observations, behavioral tests, and rearing experiments to show that  C. obscuripes  is a host of temporary social parasites. We found colonies with  P. lamellidens  queens, workers, and larvae intermixed with  C. obscuripes  workers in the field. Behavioral tests showed that workers of both species in mixed colonies did not attack each other and maintained nestmate recognition ability, which suggests a collaborative nestmate relationship. Furthermore, a rearing experiment confirmed social parasitism by  P. lamellidens  among  C. obscuripes  by producing a mixed brood-producing colony. These are the first field and laboratory records of temporary social parasitism involving  P. lamellidens  and  C. obscuripes .

insectes sociaux

The evidence of temporary social parasitism by Polyrhachis lamellidens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in a Camponotus obscuripes colony (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)