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We study how black hole entropy is generated and the role it plays in severalhighly dynamical processes: the decay of unstable black strings andultraspinning black holes; the fusion of two rotating black holes; and thesubsequent fission of the merged system into two black holes that fly apart(which can occur in dimension $D\geq 6$, with a mild violation of cosmiccensorship). Our approach uses the effective theory of black holes at$D\to\infty$, but we expect our main conclusions to hold at finite $D$. Blackhole fusion is highly irreversible, while fission, which follows the pattern ofthe decay of black strings, generates comparatively less entropy. In $2\to 1\to2$ black hole collisions an intermediate, quasi-thermalized state forms thatthen fissions. This intermediate state erases much of the memory of the initialstates and acts as an attractor funneling the evolution of the collisiontowards a small subset of outgoing parameters, which is narrower the closer thetotal angular momentum is to the critical value for fission. Entropymaximization provides a very good guide for predicting the final outgoingstates. Along our study, we clarify how entropy production and irreversibilityappear in the large $D$ effective theory. We also extend the study of thestability of new black hole phases (black bars and dumbbells). Finally, wediscuss entropy production through charge diffusion in collisions of chargedblack holes.

Entropy production and entropic attractors in black hole fusion and fission