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An electroweak baryogenesis (EWBG) mechanism mediated by $\tau$ leptontransport is proposed. We extend the Standard Model with a real singlet scalar$S$ to trigger the strong first-order electroweak phase transition (SFOEWPT),and with a set of leptophilic dimension-5 operators to provide sufficient CPviolating source. We demonstrate this model is able to generate the observedbaryon asymmetry of the universe. This scenario is experimentally testable viaeither the SFOEWPT gravitational wave signals at the next-generationspace-based detectors, or the $pp\to h^*\to SS\to 4\tau$ process (where $h^*$is an off-shell Higgs) at the hadron colliders. A detailed collider simulationshows that a considerable fraction of parameter space can be probed at theHL-LHC, while almost the whole parameter space allowed by EWBG can be reachedby the 27 TeV HE-LHC.

Lepton-mediated electroweak baryogenesis, gravitational waves and the $4\tau$ final state at the collider