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A few effects of carbon dioxide on pain threshold and acid-base balance are known. The purpose of this study was to investigate specifically the variations of analgesia in relation to hypercapnia during general anaesthesia and the respective roles played by carbon dioxide and [H+]. The nociceptive jaw opening reflex was studied on five beagle dogs anaesthetized with alfathesin administered at constant rate under acute hypercapnic conditions and acute metabolic acidosis. Acute hypercapnia did not decrease the jaw opening reflex significantly until a level was reached where PaCO2 values modified blood [H+] (pH) significantly (10 +/- 1.04 kPa corresponding to [H+] 91.5 +/- 13.24 nmol/l (pH 7.04 +/- 0.06) p less than 0.05)). At [H+] 176.2 +/- 42.77 nmol/l (pH 6.7 +/- 0.13) (p less than 0.01) the reflex was only 9.3 +/- 3.9 per cent (p less than 0.001) of its initial value. The infusion of decinormal solution of HCl during constant capnia caused an abrupt drop of the reflex. There was a correlation between reflex and metabolic acidosis (p less than 0.05). The authors conclude that modification of the jaw opening reflex occurs with extreme values of arterial [H+] incompatible with safe anaesthesia and they discuss the mechanisms involved.

Comparaison des effets de L’acidose respiratoire aigue et de L’acidose metabolique aigue sur le reflexe D’ouverture de la gueule du chien anesthesie