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Summary  This extremely inspiring Discussion Forum showed potentials and limitations of using data and methodologies from economic input-output analysis in environmental assessments. It has to be noted that components from IO-analysis can offer advancements in LCA, mainly in capturing a more complete system. The specific benefit strongly depends on the application and goal of a study. Pure IO-LCA does not have the potential to replace process LCA, because only the later is capable of studying specific components or design options within a given industrial sector. Overall, the hybrid LCA approach seems to be very promising, though extensive, further research and case studies are necessary to improve and validate its application. On the one hand, significant progress in IO-data availability has to be made in the coming years, especially in Europe and emerging countries. On the other hand, IO-LCA tools are already available and should be applied systematically in conjunction with process LCA, at least to check that the most significant processes and sectors have been included in the system description and definition.

Input-output life cycle assessment: from theory to applications 16th discussion forum on life cycle assessment Lausanne, April 10, 2002