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Macrobenthic fauna and sediment structure were studied at 6 stations from June 1979 to April 1981. The investigations were carried out in the outer estuary of the River Elbe at depths of 15–38 m near a sewage sludge dumping site. The sediment near this area consisted of a high portion of silt. Usually, very few species and small numbers of individuals were found near that dumping ground. During summer 1980, a mass development ofAbra alba and several polychaete species caused an increase in species number which broke down during the following winter. The mass development observed in the study area was apparently not directly caused by the sludge dumping itself, but reflects the natural variability of the community structure. The number of species recorded was significantly correlated with a grain size fraction>31 μm, especially in summer. The seasonal and spatial fluctuation of the benthic community could be well documented by the abundance per species (N/S index). The Shannon-Wiener-Index (H′) and eveness (J) were also useful indicators of community variability. The log-normal distribution did not show the seasonal and the spatial differences of the stations. Possible reasons are discussed. The biomass at the stations near the dumping area was less except during the mass development ofA. alba. The average individual weight (B/N) was shown to be a good indicator of population fluctuations; polychaete biomass was positively correlated to a grain size fraction≦6 μm, that of molluscs to a grain size fraction>31 μm.

Die Weichbodenfauna vor der Elbemündung unter dem Einfluß der Klärschlammverklappung