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Microhedyle cryptophthalma nov. spec. was found in the mesopsammon of different sandy beaches of the Mediterranean Sea (Tunisia, Italy, France and Lebanon). The slugs inhabit a small, particularly exposed region of the surf-beach generally covered by waves except in the sampling locality in Italy where maximum abundance occured about 2 m above the surfedge. The vertical distribution extends down to a substrate depth of 15 cm. Distribution was studied as a function of average sediment particle size, but no definite relationship could be established. The new species is placed in the family Microhedylidae because of its size, external morphology, male sexual organs, form of the tentacles and shape of the midgut gland. The epidermal enclosures are almost identical to those described byKowalevsky (1901) inParhedyle tyrtowii. ButMicrohedyle cryptophthalma is a clearly distinct species by the formula of the asymmetrical radula (1.1.2×n), the form of the teeth, and the almost invisible eyes.Parhedyle is a junior synonym ofMicrohedyle and must be eliminated. The only species,P. tyrtowii, shows no significant differences and is, therefore, considered to belong to the genusMicrohedyle. Sexes inM. cryptophthalma are separate; sperm are transferred through simple spindle-shaped spermatophores. Spermatophores, body size, extremely small eyes, and lack of pigment are recognized as typical “Lebensform”-characteristics of the interstitial sand fauna.

Organisation, Systematik und Biologie vonMicrohedyle cryptophthalma nov. spec. (Gastropoda, Opisthobranchia) aus dem Brandungsstrand des Mittelmeeres