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The activity of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) was recorded in the greater horseshoe bat,Rhinolophus ferrumequinum. Respiration, vocalization and nerve discharges were monitored while vocalizations were elicted by stimulation of the central gray matter. This stimulation evoked either expiration or expiration plus vocalization depending on the stimulus strength. When vocalization occurred it always took place during expiration.Recordings from the RLN during respiration showed activity during the inspiration phase, but when vocalization occurred there was activity during inspiration and expiration. These results are consistent with the view that the RLN innervates muscles which control the opening and closing of the glottis. During vocalization the vocal folds are closely approximated and the discharge patterns of the nerve suggests that it controls the muscles which start and end each pulse.

Laryngeal nerve activity during pulse emission in the CF-FM bat,Rhinolophus ferrumequinum