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Previous study have reported a significant improvement of peripheral neuropathy following combined pancreas and kidney transplantation attributed to improvement of blood glucose control by some authors and to elimination of uraemia by others. To asses the specific role of uraemia and hyperglycaemia in neuropathy, 16 diabetic uraemic patients with combined pancreas and kidney transplantation were compared to 9 diabetic patients with a renal graft only. Neurophysiological studies of peripheral neuropathy included ulnar and deep peroneal nerve motor conduction velocity, median and sural nerve sensory conduction velocity were performed at baseline and 1 and 2 years after transplantation. One year after transplantation mean nerve conduction velocity significantly improved in both groups. However, changes were statistically significant in the kidney-pancreas group only. At the 2 year follow-up nerve conduction velocity had increased further in the pancreas-kidney group only. These data suggest that improvement of nerve conduction velocity following pancreas and kidney transplantation is predominantly due to the long-term euglycaemic state.

Neurophysiological study of the effect of combined kidney and pancreas transplantation on diabetic neuropathy: a 2-year follow-up evaluation