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Inundation simulation was carried out for an inland depression mainly covered by paddy fields to estimate its flood retention volume. In addition to surface water flooding, river flooding combined with it was also explored in a wide range of precipitation including a 1000-year return period. The results showed that the paddy fields in the studied area can retain approximately 60% of the total inundation volume. Judging from the relationship between the flood retention volume in the paddy fields and the number of inundated buildings above floor level, we could estimate two reference values regarding the potential volume of floodwater retention in paddy fields: one at which damage to the buildings starts to appear and the other where damage seriously expands in the main residential area. By using these reference values, we demonstrated the importance of land-use strategies in flood alleviation. In other words, by transferring buildings inundated between these levels to safer places, the potential volume of floodwater retention in paddy fields can be increased to a higher level, which well agrees with the concept of green infrastructure. The idea of flood alleviation deduced from this study can be applied to similar near-shore depressions cut off by sand dunes, which are common in Japan.

Wetland Paddy Fields as Green Infrastructure Against Flood