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This paper studies energy harvesting wireless sensor nodes in which energy is gathered through harvesting process and data is gathered through sensing from the environment at random rates. These packets can be stored in node buffers as discrete packet forms which were previously introduced in “Energy Packet Network” paradigm. We consider a standby energy loss in the energy buffer (battery or capacitor) in a random rate, due to the fact that energy storages have self discharge characteristic. The wireless sensor node consumes \(K_e\) and \(K_t\) amount of harvested energy for node electronics (data sensing and processing operations) and wireless data transmission, respectively. Therefore, whenever a sensor node has less than \(K_e\) amount of energy, data can not be sensed and stored, and whenever there is more than \(K_e\) amount of energy, data is sensed and stored and also it could be transmitted immediately if the remaining energy is greater or equal than the \(K_t\). We assume that the values of both \(K_e\) and \(K_t\) as one energy packet, which leads us a one-dimensional random walk modeling for the transmission system. We obtain stationary probability distribution as a product form solution and study on other quantities of interests. We also study on transmission errors among a set of M identical sensor with the presence of interference and noise.

Energy Consumption Model for Data Processing and Transmission in Energy Harvesting Wireless Sensors