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Positron emission tomography PET has been widely used in clinical diagnosis of diseases or disorders. To reduce the risk of radiation exposure, we propose a mapping-based sparse representation m-SR framework for prediction of standard-dose PET image from its low-dose counterpart and corresponding multimodal magnetic resonance MR images. Compared with the conventional patch-based SR, our method uses a mapping strategy to ensure that the sparse coefficients estimated from the low-dose PET and multimodal MR images could be directly applied to the prediction of standard-dose PET images. An incremental refinement framework is also proposed to further improve the performance. Finally, a patch selection based dictionary construction method is used to speed up the prediction process. The proposed method has been validated on a real human brain dataset, showing that our method can work much better than the state-of-the-art method both qualitatively and quantitatively.

Predicting Standard-Dose PET Image from Low-Dose PET and Multimodal MR Images Using Mapping-Based Sparse Representation