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The Civil War in 1918 divided Finland into White winners and Red losers. These divisions affected all citizens, including children. Drawing from a regional oral history collection from the 1970s, this chapter analyzes how the children of the Reds were integrated into the shared fatherland, and how they understood and experienced the nation. The Children of the Reds had to respond to different expectations and demands. At school, they were taught emotions and values that stood in contrast to the values to which they were raised at home. The children of the Reds experienced the feeling that they belonged to the losers of the war and were marginalized within the context of the nation.

Red Orphans’ Fatherland: Children in the Civil War of 1918 and Its Aftermath