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Swarms of robots will revolutionize many industrial applications, fromtargeted material delivery to precision farming. However, several of theheterogeneous characteristics that make them ideal for certain futureapplications --- robot autonomy, decentralized control, collective emergentbehavior, etc. --- hinder the evolution of the technology from academicinstitutions to real-world problems. Blockchain, an emerging technologyoriginated in the Bitcoin field, demonstrates that by combining peer-to-peernetworks with cryptographic algorithms a group of agents can reach an agreementon a particular state of affairs and record that agreement without the need fora controlling authority. The combination of blockchain with other distributedsystems, such as robotic swarm systems, can provide the necessary capabilitiesto make robotic swarm operations more secure, autonomous, flexible and evenprofitable. This work explains how blockchain technology can provide innovativesolutions to four emergent issues in the swarm robotics research field. Newsecurity, decision making, behavior differentiation and business models forswarm robotic systems are described by providing case scenarios and examples.Finally, limitations and possible future problems that arise from thecombination of these two technologies are described.

The blockchain: a new framework for robotic swarm systems