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The paper briefly reviews the difficulties encountered in achieving further major improvement in some aspects of the software evolution process. This may, it is suggested, be due, in part, to the fact that the global process is a complex, multi loop multilevel feedback system. After summarising the results of a 1970s study and the laws of software evolution that arose from it, the paper introduces a FEAST hypothesis. This asserts that the global software process for E-type systems is such a multi loop feedback system and displays the properties associated with such systems. Early results from the FEAST study culminating in the FEAST/1 project started in October 1996 are outlined. The support these results provide for the original five Laws of Software Evolution and for three extensions are also indicated. The FEAST/1 project is to explore the phenomenon in depth through modelling of a number of industrial projects and will seek to demonstrate its impact. The early work of the 1970s concentrating primarily on OS/360 as confirmed by the FEAST results obtained to date suggest that mastery of the process as a feedback system is key to further process improvement. 1 Software Process Improvement 1.1 Overview In their early years digital computers were primarily regarded as tools for the automation of numerical computation. In the subsequent, now over forty, years of evolution of digital computing, applications and their operational domains have been extended in their variety, in the detail in which they are addressed and in the extend to which the computer system is integrated with and into the application, its operational environment and the activities of the humans in that environment. This growth is reflected in the range of functionality of current operational systems. The size, functional complexity and structural complexity of the software developed and successfully used has increased by several orders of magnitude. This is reflected in an even greater increase in the number, variety and operational complexity of the features incorporated in the software. The operational domain, the application, activities in that domain and the characteristics of the humans and mechanisms involved are reflected in the software in ever greater detail. The intimate coupling between the software, the operational environment and the humans in that environment as reflected in the growing complexity of the interface.

Process improvement — The way forward